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KMID : 1001320200470010051
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Social Welfare Policy
2020 Volume.47 No. 1 p.51 ~ p.83
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Analyzing competitiveness of Social Economy policies in Seoul -Applying a Multidimensional Competency Framework (MCF)-
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Cho Sang-Mi
Lee Kyung-Mi
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Abstract
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The Social Economy in Korea has been experiencing rapid, quantitative growth over the last decade. In this study, we conducted a policy analysis focused on the Seoul metropolitan government, which is leading the social economy policies of Korea, to examine whether they have improved the sustainability of social economy enterprises. To this end, we collected a total of 155 documents generated by the city government and affiliated organizations over ten years, from 2010 to 2019, related to the general social economy, social enterprises, cooperatives, town enterprises, and self-supported enterprises; these documents were analyzed using a Multidimensional Competency Framework (MCF). The results demonstrate that the characteristics of the Seoul metropolitan government’s social economy policies show dramatic quantitative growth over a short period of time, which can be summarized as follows. First, the policies changed direction from providing support to individual organizations to expanding the social economy infrastructure and supporting regional projects and clusters that reflect the characteristics of the autonomous districts. Second, the social economy support system of the city has policies to support each of the four factors in the Diamond model, not to mention the institutions and organizations embracing all four competitiveness factors. Third, the city government pursued policies to integrate the four competitiveness factors in operational and business support, creating conditions to strengthen the competitiveness of social economy enterprises. However, there are also challenges to be addressed. First, many business support policies are concentrated on one-time contests with a focus on short-term results. Also, starting from this year, some of the intermediary support organizations of autonomous districts have a sunset clause that leaves them having to stand on their own feet without the financial support of the city. Due to such instability, those working in the field of social economy find it difficult to develop expertise and experience continuity. An important implication of these findings is that time must be taken into account in designing policies to lay the groundwork for citizens to familiarize themselves with the social economy in their daily lives. Also, the social economy ecosystem has been formed mainly through networking between social economy organizations: the focus should be shifted to the needs and problems of each region and extended to connect with diverse entities in the private sector. This study distinguishes itself from prior research by dealing with “social economy enterprise” policies as well as incorporating social enterprises, cooperatives, and other entities. Moreover, this study analyzes social economy policies at the local government level to examine concrete policies supporting such enterprises across regions, which has not been discussed in previous studies. By identifying the competitive advantage of Seoul’s social economy enterprise policies and analyzing its competitiveness, this study aims to provide clues about how to create conditions to enhance the sustainability of social economy enterprises embodying the essence of the social economy.
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KEYWORD
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MCF, Multidimensional Competency Framework, social economy, policy of Seoul, competitiveness, sustainability
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